Prostate cancer is something every man should know about, especially as you get older. It’s one of the most common types of cancer in men, and understanding what it is, who’s at risk, the warning signs to watch for, and how it can be treated can make a huge difference. Let’s break it all down so you know what to look out for and how to stay healthy.
What is Prostate Cancer?
The prostate is a small gland that sits below your bladder and in front of your rectum. It’s responsible for making the fluid that carries sperm. Prostate cancer happens when cells in the prostate start growing out of control, forming a tumor. Not all prostate cancers are the same—some grow slowly and aren’t much of a problem, while others can be more aggressive and need quick treatment.
Are You At Risk?
While anyone with a prostate can get prostate cancer, some factors can increase your chances:
Age: As you get older, especially past 50, your risk goes up. Most men diagnosed are 65 or older.
Family History: If your dad, brother, or son has had prostate cancer, you’re more likely to get it too. Certain genes, like BRCA1 or BRCA2, can also increase your risk.
Race: Prostate cancer is more common in African American men, who are also more likely to have a more aggressive form of the disease.
Diet and Lifestyle: Eating a lot of red meat, processed food, or high-fat dairy and not enough fruits and vegetables can increase your risk. Not being active or being overweight can also play a part.
What Are the Signs?
Early on, prostate cancer often doesn’t have any symptoms, which is why getting checked regularly is important. When symptoms do appear, they might include:
- Trouble starting or stopping urination
- Weak or interrupted urine flow
- Frequent need to urinate, especially at night
- Blood in your urine or semen
- Painful ejaculation
- Pain or stiffness in the lower back, hips, or thighs
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s a good idea to talk to your doctor.
How is Prostate Cancer Detected?
Two common tests help check for prostate cancer:
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: This blood test measures the level of PSA, a protein made by your prostate. Higher levels could mean cancer, but they could also mean something else, like an enlarged prostate.
Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): In this test, the doctor feels the prostate through the rectum to check for any lumps or unusual areas.
If either test shows something unusual, your doctor may suggest a biopsy, where a small sample of prostate tissue is taken to look for cancer cells.
If you’re diagnosed with prostate cancer, don’t panic—there are several treatment options, depending on how aggressive the cancer is, your age, and overall health. Some common treatments include keeping an eye on things with regular check-ups, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy.
How Can You Lower Your Risk?
While not all prostate cancer can be prevented, there are things you can do to lower your risk:
Eat a Healthy Diet: Focus on eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Lycopene-rich foods have been suggested to lower the risk of prostate cancer. Try to limit red meat, processed foods, and high-fat dairy products.
Stay Active: Regular physical activity helps you maintain a healthy weight and lowers your risk for many types of cancer.
Don’t Smoke: Smoking can increase your risk of aggressive prostate cancer.
Get Regular Screenings: Talk with your doctor about the right time to start getting screened for prostate cancer, especially if you’re at higher risk.
The most important thing you can do is to stay informed and proactive. Knowing your risk factors and getting regular check-ups can help catch prostate cancer early when it’s most treatable.
Take Action Today
Prostate cancer is a serious issue, but you have the power to take control of your health. Make healthy lifestyle choices, get regular screenings, and talk to your doctor about any concerns. You don’t have to wait for symptoms to say yes to healthy living.
